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Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience Advance Access published online on November 20, 2006
Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, doi:10.1093/scan/nsl040
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© The Author (2006). Published by Oxford University Press. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Prior experience as a stimulus category confound: an example using facial expressions of emotion

Leah H. Somerville and Paul J. Whalen

Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA

Facial expressions of emotion represent a stimulus set widely used to assess a broad range of psychological processes. However, a consideration of systematic differences between expression categories, other than differences relating to characteristics of the expressions themselves, has remained largely unaddressed. By collecting experience rankings in a large sample of undergraduates, we observed that the amount of reported experience individuals have had with different facial expressions of emotion systematically differed between all expression categories. These findings shed light on the potential for identifying confounds inherent to comparing some stimulus categories and, in this case, may aid in the interpretation of observed between-expression category findings.

Keywords: emotion; fMRI; facial expressions; novelty

Correspondence should be addressed to Paul Whalen, Dartmouth College, 6207 Moore Hall, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. E-mail: paul.whalen{at}dartmouth.edu


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